The law of the fashionable company started with the Joint Stock Companies Act 1856, passed within the United Kingdom, which offered buyers with a easy registration procedure to realize limited liability underneath the separate legal personality of the company. In distinctive circumstances defences can apply to specific acts, such as killing in self defence, or pleading insanity. Another example is within the 19th-century English case of R v Dudley and Stephens, which tested a defence of “necessity”. Three crew members and Richard Parker, a 17-year-old cabin boy, have been stranded on a raft.
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